Physics for Physicians: Evaluating Medical Physics Instruction In Radiation Oncology Residencies
Abstract
Purpose
Understanding of medical physics is essential for safe and effective radiation oncology practice. This study evaluates current instructional practices for physics education in radiation oncology physician residency programs following the release of the AAPM/ASTRO 2023 Core Physics Curriculum.
Methods
An online survey was distributed to medical physicists involved in teaching radiation oncology residents. The survey assessed curriculum adoption, instructional methods, time allocation per topic, and perceived learning objectives. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis for open-text items.
Results
Forty-seven educators from 27 institutions completed the survey, representing approximately 30% of U.S. residency programs. Didactic lectures were the predominant teaching method (91%), with supplemental approaches including hands-on labs (51%) and case-based learning (30%). Clinical readiness was ranked as the highest educational priority (84%), followed by understanding fundamental physics principles (9%) and board exam preparation (7%). While most respondents agreed with recommended instructional hours per topic, discrepancies were noted in areas such as clinical brachytherapy and prescribing, reporting, and evaluating treatment plans. Seventy percent of respondents were aware of the updated curriculum; among these, 50% had implemented changes, 32% planned future revisions, and 18% reported no intent to modify their curriculum. Educators indicated that higher-order learning objectives (apply/analyze or evaluate/create) were appropriate for advanced topics, suggesting a need for active learning strategies beyond traditional lectures.
Conclusion
Survey findings reveal variability in teaching practices, time allocation, and curriculum adoption across programs. Limited awareness and inconsistent implementation of the AAPM/ASTRO 2023 Core Physics Curriculum highlight the need for improved dissemination and support for educators. Aligning instructional strategies with higher-order learning objectives and maintaining standardized content depth within existing time constraints will be critical for preparing residents for both clinical practice and board certification. Collaborative efforts among educators and professional organizations are essential to enhance the quality and consistency of physics education in radiation oncology.