Bringing the Linac to the Learner: Needs-Driven Innovation In AR/VR Radiation Therapy Education
Abstract
Purpose
To address barriers in radiation therapy education in low resource communites by developing accessible AR/VR training modules that bring technology to learners rather than requiring access to scarce, expensive equipment.
Methods
A workflow for deconstructing, rendering, and augmented visualization of electro-mechanical elements in generic X-ray computed tomography (CT) and C-arm clinical linear accelerators (linacs) was established. 3D assets were developed using Web Augmented Reality (WebAR), eliminating the need for expensive VR headsets. Using open-access platforms and wireless connections with smart tablets or phones, users can navigate and interact with 3D assets, appreciate their scale and associations, and learn their functions. A concept evaluation survey was distributed broadly, and 8 institutions (Egypt, Sudan, Yemen, Palestine (2), Saudi Arabia, Nigeria) were recruited. A needs assessment survey was developed to identify potential barriers, training goals, and desired AR/VR features.
Results
Concept evaluation survey indicated extremely positive (58%) and somewhat positive (31%) impressions, with extremely positive (62%) and somewhat positive (27%) reactions to the linac AR tool (N=28). Needs assessment survey revealed that only 50% of institutions had direct equipment access. Financial constraints were the primary barrier (83% of institutions), followed by technical challenges (50%). Despite recognizing AR/VR's value, 83% reported no prior AR/VR experience in medical education, and 67% lacked the necessary technical infrastructure. All institutions confirmed sufficient bandwidth for cloud-based applications. Several consensus educational goals emerged: enhancing conceptual understanding, improving clinical competency and safety training, bridging theory-to-practice gaps, and increasing training accessibility.
Conclusion
This work inverts the traditional training paradigm by providing learners in resource-limited settings with direct access to virtual equipment. By prioritizing mobile accessibility, low-bandwidth compatibility, and low-cost implementation, these AR/VR modules address critical barriers (funding constraints and equipment scarcity) while standardizing training quality through vendor-agnostic, scalable technology.